What are the different types of exchanges in RabbitMQ?

beginner

Re-explain

Four main exchange types:

Direct Exchange: Routes messages based on exact routing key match
- Message routing key must exactly match queue binding key
- Used for unicast routing
Fanout Exchange: Routes messages to all bound queues, ignoring routing key
- Broadcasts messages to all queues
- Used for publish/subscribe patterns
Topic Exchange: Routes messages based on wildcard patterns in routing keys
- Uses patterns with * (one word) and # (zero or more words)
- Example: stock.*.price matches stock.usd.price
Headers Exchange: Routes based on message headers instead of routing key
- Matches header attributes using "all" or "any" logic

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