All are specializations of @Component for specific layers:

• @Component: Generic stereotype for any Spring-managed component
• @Service: Business logic layer components
• @Repository: Data access layer components (adds exception translation)
• @Controller: Presentation layer components for handling HTTP requests

@Service
public class UserService { }
@Repository
public class UserRepository { }
@Controller
public class UserController { }

Functionally similar, but provide better semantic meaning and potential for additional features.