Explain the basic mechanics of how Aave and Compound work.

Beginner

Answer

Both protocols operate on similar principles:

Aave:

  • Users deposit assets into liquidity pools and receive aTokens (e.g., aUSDC for USDC deposits)
  • aTokens represent the user's share of the pool and accrue interest automatically
  • Borrowers can take loans against their collateral at variable or stable interest rates
  • Interest rates are determined algorithmically based on supply and demand

Compound:

  • Users supply assets to earn interest and receive cTokens (e.g., cUSDC for USDC)
  • cTokens increase in value over time, representing accrued interest
  • Borrowers can borrow against their cToken collateral
  • Interest rates are calculated using utilization-based algorithms

Both protocols allow users to earn passive income by supplying assets and enable borrowing without selling existing holdings.