What is MongoDB and what are its key features?

beginner

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MongoDB is a document-oriented NoSQL database that stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents called BSON (Binary JSON). Key features include:

Document-based storage: Data is stored in documents rather than rows and columns
Schema flexibility: Documents in a collection can have different structures
Horizontal scalability: Built-in support for sharding across multiple servers
Rich query language: Supports complex queries, indexing, and aggregation
High availability: Replica sets provide automatic failover
GridFS: For storing large files
ACID transactions: Support for multi-document transactions

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