Creating nodes:

CREATE (p:Person {name: "John", age: 30})

Creating relationships:

// Between existing nodes
MATCH (a:Person {name: "John"}), (b:Person {name: "Jane"})
CREATE (a)-[:KNOWS {since: 2020}]->(b)
// Create nodes and relationship together
CREATE (a:Person {name: "Bob"})-[:WORKS_FOR]->(c:Company {name: "TechCorp"})

Best practices:

• Use MERGE instead of CREATE to avoid duplicates
• Always specify node labels for better performance
• Use meaningful relationship types