What's the difference between WHERE and HAVING clauses?

beginner

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WHERE: Filters rows before grouping, cannot use aggregate functions, applied to individual rows
HAVING: Filters groups after GROUP BY, can use aggregate functions, applied to grouped results

-- WHERE filters before grouping
SELECT department, COUNT(*) 
FROM employees 
WHERE salary > 50000 
GROUP BY department;
-- HAVING filters after grouping
SELECT department, COUNT(*) 
FROM employees 
GROUP BY department 
HAVING COUNT(*) > 5;

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