Zero-Trust Architecture (ZTA) is a security framework that operates on the principle "never trust, always verify." Unlike traditional perimeter-based security models that trust users and devices inside the network, Zero-Trust assumes that threats can exist both inside and outside the network perimeter.
The core principles include:
- Verify explicitly: Always authenticate and authorize based on all available data points
- Use least privilege access: Limit user access with just-in-time and just-enough-access principles
- Assume breach: Minimize blast radius and segment access, verify end-to-end encryption
Zero-Trust requires continuous verification of every transaction and access request, regardless of location or previous authentication status.