Explain the Page Object Model (POM) design pattern.

Page Object Model is a design pattern that creates an object repository for web UI elements. Each web page is represented as a class, and UI elements are defined as variables within that class.
Benefits:

• Improves code reusability and maintainability
• Reduces code duplication
• Easy to update when UI changes
• Better organization of test code
  Example:

class LoginPage {
  constructor(driver) {
    this.driver = driver;
    this.usernameField = "input[name='username']";
    this.passwordField = "input[name='password']";
    this.loginButton = "button[type='submit']";
  }
  async login(username, password) {
    await this.driver.fill(this.usernameField, username);
    await this.driver.fill(this.passwordField, password);
    await this.driver.click(this.loginButton);
  }
}